What is TPLO Surgery in Dogs?

If your dog has been diagnosed with a torn cranial cruciate ligament (CCL), you may be researching the best treatment options to restore their mobility. The most effective surgical procedure for this condition is Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) surgery. TPLO surgery is recommended for dogs that have developed CCL tears, helping them regain their ability to walk, run, and play without pain. Timberline Veterinary Emergency and Specialty in Seattle, WA, offers advanced surgical care, including TPLO surgery, to help dogs recover from this common orthopedic condition.

 

 

Understanding Cranial Cruciate Ligament (CCL) Tears in Dogs

The cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) in dogs functions similarly to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in humans. It stabilizes the knee joint and prevents excessive movement that could lead to injury. When a dog tears this ligament, it can cause significant pain, instability, and limping.

Causes of CCL Tears

A CCL tear can occur due to several factors, including:

• Degenerative changes: Over time, the ligament will weaken, making it more susceptible to injury. Because of the degenerative process occurring, ~50% of dogs that tear the CCL in one knee will tear their CCL in the other knee in ~1 year.
• Obesity: Excess weight can put additional strain on the knee, increasing the risk of ligament tears.
• Genetics: Some breeds, such as Labrador Retrievers, Rottweilers, and Bulldogs, have a higher predisposition to developing CCL tears.

Symptoms of a CCL Tear

A torn CCL can lead to noticeable changes in your dog’s mobility and comfort. Common signs include:

• Limping or favoring the hindlimb
• Difficulty standing up or sitting down
• Swelling around the knee joint
• Clicking in the knee while walking
• Decreased activity or reluctance to play
• Abnormal sitting posture with the affected leg extended

If your dog is exhibiting these symptoms, consult Timberline Veterinary Emergency and Specialty to determine the best treatment plan.

How TPLO Surgery Works

TPLO surgery is a specialized orthopedic procedure designed to stabilize the knee joint without relying on the damaged CCL. Unlike traditional ligament repair techniques, TPLO surgery permanently alters the biomechanics of the knee to prevent excessive motion and pain.

The TPLO Procedure

During TPLO surgery, a veterinary surgeon follows these steps:

1. A small surgical incision is made over the affected knee to access the joint. Assessment of the CCL and menisci is performed. The torn portion of the meniscus is removed surgically.
2. The top of the tibia (top portion of the shinbone) is cut and rotated to a more stable position.
3. A specialized bone plate and screws are used to hold the repositioned bone in place.

This procedure changes the dynamics of the knee joint, allowing the dog to bear weight without the need for a functional CCL.

Benefits of TPLO Surgery for Dogs

TPLO surgery is one of the most effective treatments for CCL tears in dogs. It offers several advantages over other surgical options, providing long-term stability and improved mobility.

Improved Joint Stability

By altering the angle of the tibial plateau, TPLO surgery prevents abnormal forward movement of the shinbone. This stabilizes the knee joint and eliminates the need for the damaged ligament.

Faster Recovery Compared to Other Procedures

Many dogs begin using the affected leg within days after TPLO surgery. With proper post-operative care and rehabilitation, most dogs regain full mobility within 2-4 months.

Reduced Risk of Arthritis

Because TPLO surgery corrects joint instability at its source, it helps minimize long-term wear and tear. This reduces the risk of developing more significant arthritis, a common concern for dogs with untreated CCL tears. All dogs with CCL tears will develop some arthritis.

Long-Term Success

Most dogs that undergo TPLO surgery experience a full return to their normal activity levels. Unlike other repair techniques, TPLO provides a permanent solution without reliance on artificial ligament replacements, that have a higher risk of failure and other complications.

What to Expect After TPLO Surgery

Post-operative care is essential for ensuring a smooth recovery and optimal healing. Pet owners should be prepared to follow a structured rehabilitation plan.

Post-Surgical Recovery Timeline

• First eight weeks: Limited movement is required, and leash walks should be brief and controlled. Physical therapy can be pursued to help with muscle building and mobility, even with strict confinement.
• After eight week X-rays are completed: Gradual reintroduction of activity under veterinary guidance, depending on how well the bone has healed.
• After three months: Most dogs resume full normal activity, with full healing occurring over several months.

Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy

Rehabilitation plays a vital role in helping dogs regain strength and flexibility after TPLO surgery. Low-impact activities, such as passive range of motion (PROM), shifting weight exercises, and hydrotherapy, aid in the healing process.

Choosing Timberline Veterinary Emergency and Specialty for TPLO Surgery

When selecting a veterinary provider for TPLO surgery, experience and advanced surgical capabilities matter. Timberline Veterinary Emergency and Specialty in Seattle, WA, provides expert orthopedic care and state-of-the-art surgical facilities to ensure the best outcomes for dogs undergoing TPLO surgery.

Why Choose Timberline Veterinary Emergency and Specialty?

• Experienced veterinary surgeon: Our team specializes in advanced orthopedic procedures, including TPLO surgery.
• Comprehensive post-operative care: We guide pet owners through every step of the recovery process to ensure a smooth healing journey.

If your dog is experiencing mobility issues due to a CCL tear, contact Timberline Veterinary Emergency and Specialty at 206-828-6868 to schedule a consultation today.